What major development in aviation arose from research during World War II?

The major development in aviation that arose from research during World War II is jet propulsion technology. This innovation represented a significant leap forward in the design and capabilities of military aircraft. The war catalyzed investments into jet engine technology, as nations sought faster, higher-flying, and more maneuverable aircraft to gain an advantage in combat.

The success of the German Me 262, which was the world’s first operational jet fighter, showcased the effectiveness and potential of jet propulsion. Following the war, this technology laid the groundwork for the development of modern air forces and commercial aviation, ushering in a new era characterized by supersonic speeds and improved performance compared to piston-engine aircraft.

While helicopter technology, radar technology, and stealth technology also saw advancements during or were influenced by wartime research, they were not as pivotal to the immediate evolution of aviation as jet propulsion, which directly transformed the design and functionality of aircraft for decades to come.